Cork is made up of millions of 14 sided cells. The cork industry is regarded as environmentally friendly. Cork production is considered highly sustainable because the cork tree is not cut down to obtain cork, only the bark is stripped, the tree continues to live and grow. It is illegal to cut down a cork tree in Portugal.
Cork is extracted from May to August when the cork can be separated from the tree without causing permanent damage. When trees reached approx. 25 years of age, the bark can be removed for the first time. This first harvest bark is called “virgin” cork. Subsequent harvests usually occur at intervals of nine years.
The skilled workers who remove the cork bark are called extractors and they use a very sharp axe. The cork is then stacked in piles and can be left until picked up as cork is not inclined to rot.
Cork’s structure and natural fire-retardant properties make it suitable for acoustic and thermal insulation in walls, floors and ceilings.